Surgical treatment of breast cancer

The primary treatment for breast cancer is the removal of the tumor. This procedure, often associated with lymph node removal, must be performed by surgeons specialized in the treatment of breast cancer and working in a multidisciplinary team.

In the vast majority of cases, the breast can be preserved. When a mastectomy is necessary, it can be associated with a reconstruction, most often during the same operation.

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Conservative treatment of the breast

This is the most common technique. It is based on the removal of the tumor, always associated with immediate repair of the breast. Post-operative radiotherapy is systematic.

Mastectomy

This operation consists of removing the entire mammary gland. A reconstruction is always possible, often performed during the same operation.

Lymph node surgery

Removal of a few lymph nodes from the armpit is almost always necessary in cases of invasive cancer: most often, the surgeon removes only the sentinel nodes. Axillary dissection is much rarer, except when the nodes are invaded.

La chirurgie oncoplastique à l'Institut du Sein

Dr Krishna B. Clough

Chirurgie cancérologique – Chirurgie reconstructrice et esthétique

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Breast cancer surgeries

In about 70% of cases, the breast can be preserved and a conservative treatment called lumpectomy (or partial mastectomy) is performed. In other cases, the breast must be removed, and a radical treatment called mastectomy is performed.

In case of conservative treatment, thanks to the remodeling of the gland and also if necessary thanks to oncoplasty techniques, the operated breast can keep a harmonious shape.

In case of mastectomy, reconstruction is almost always possible. It can often be performed during the same operation as the mastectomy, and is then referred to as Immediate Breast Reconstruction (IBR). If not, it can be done at a later time, and is then referred to as Deferred Breast Reconstruction (DBR). Some women do it as soon as possible (starting 6 months after the mastectomy or 6 to 12 months after the end of radiation therapy if necessary), others prefer to wait.

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